Association between physical activity and mental health among university students in Bangladesh : a cross sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Mental health is considered one of the most significant topics of public health as it makes up an integral part of a person’s ability to lead a fulfilling life. University students are one of the most vulnerable groups to be affected by mental health disorders due to a change in their life and societal pressure. Lifestyle modifications like physical activity can be one way to combat these Mental Health problems. Although a lot of research has been carried out to analyze the health impact of Physical exercise, impact of it on Mental Health still lags, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic has caused people to live a sedentary lifestyle which could be a risk factor for Poor Mental Health among the population during this time. Objective: This study aimed 1) to identify the prevalence of Mental Health (Depression, Anxiety and Stress) and Physical activity during the pandemic time and 2) to assess the association between mental health (Depression, Stress, and Anxiety) and physical activity among Bangladeshi University Students. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 23rd May to 15 June at BRAC University, Bangladesh. The questionnaire was in google form which was shared to several social media groups. Participants were selected through convenience sampling, totaling 413 students Results: The prevalence of Depression was 67.1%, Anxiety was 68.0%and stress was 59.8%. It was found that Gender, Sleep, Relationship with family, Having toxic friends and family members, loneliness and resilience were associated with Mental Health (Depression, Stress and Anxiety). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the sedentary behavior was significantly associated with depression (OR 1.97, 95%CI 1.08 - 3.58). It was also found that vigorous PA and sedentary behavior were associated with stress (OR 1.89, 95%CI 1.25 - 2.86 and OR 1.85, 95%CI 1.15 – 2.99), respectively. Discussion: The findings of the survey illustrated that a significantly high number of University students have symptoms related to Mental Health Disorders such as Depression, Anxiety and Stress. Additionally, a significant proportion of the population is also not involved in recommended Physical Activity by WHO. Psychosocial support and counseling sessions should be provided by the University to help the status of these students. Additionally, the university should introduce compulsory Physical Activity to boost students PA status and lower Sedentary behavior.