Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity study of the Thai version of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire in individuals with chronic foot pain

Abstract

There are 10-24% of the population who experience chronic foot pain. Patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) is a standardized tool that is useful in measuring the outcomes of treatment. The Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) is a foot-specific questionnaire that was developed for surgical outcomes and foot conditions assessment. There are 3 subscales of MOXFQ including walking/standing, pain, and social interaction. MOXFQ has been translated into several languages but there is no previous Thai version. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and test for reliability and validity of the Thai version of MOXFQ (Thai-MOXFQ) in participants with chronic foot problems. The original version of MOXFQ was translated into the Thai language by cross-cultural adaptation. The Thai-MOXFQ had been investigated in 100 participants with chronic foot pain for reliability and construct validity. Test-retest reliability was evaluated via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC 3,1). Construct validity was analyzed by Spearman’s rank correlation between Thai-MOXFQ, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), SF-36, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Thai-MOXFQ was successfully adapted from the original version with minor changes. The Thai-MOXFQ demonstrated good level of test-retest reliability (Intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.763 to 0.833) and internal consistency (Cronbach alpha of 0.738 to 0.871). Construct validity was supported via moderate relationship with FAAM, SF-36, and VAS (p < 0.05, Spearman rank correlation > 0.5). The study showed that MOXFQ-walking/standing was related to the physical domain of SF-36 and FAAM. While MOXFQ-pain was related to VAS and bodily pain of SF-36. Moreover, MOXFQ-social interaction showed moderate relationship with bodily pain, social functioning of SF-36 and FAAM. The Thai-MOXFQ was developed and demonstrated good reliability and internal consistency The Thai-MOXFQ showed acceptable level of construct validity with SF-36, FAAM, and VAS. Therefore, the Thai-MOXFQ is a reliable and valid foot-specific PROM for assessing outcome measurement in patients with chronic foot pain.